Southern Arapaho visit helps guide development, storytelling at Fishers Peak State Park
TRINIDAD, Colo. – In a meadow at Fishers Peak State Park, ERO Resources Corporation Botanist Marie Russo located the bergamot Fred Mosqueda and his wife, Mary, had been searching for. Mary then explained the plant's cultural significance to Colorado Parks and Wildlife staff.
“Women and girls in our tribe historically dried and crushed bergamot to use as a perfume,” said Mary Mosqueda, a respected Southern Arapaho elder. “The plant is part of our history, and sharing how it was used helps keep that knowledge alive.”
The discovery was part of a recent weeklong visit by Fred Mosqueda, Arapaho Outreach Specialist, Mary, who traveled from Oklahoma.
The visit continued a series of tribal engagements that Fishers Peak State Park Manager Crystal Dreiling began hosting in 2021. Tribal guests explore plants and cultural resources, consider gathering areas for future large group visits, and help park staff understand how tribal histories, traditions and language might one day be shared with visitors.
The engagement came shortly after CPW opened nine miles of new trails at Fishers Peak. Work continues in other areas as the park gradually expands public access.
“It’s priceless to be a part of this,” Fred Mosqueda said. “In this park, you’ve got the history, the culture is still here, and you have people who know this area, and they know the grounds.”
Dreiling described the relationship as an informal partnership that she hopes will evolve into a long-term friendship between park staff and tribal communities. Her staff hosts weeklong engagements and also welcomes tribal representatives who may be passing through the area.
“This will continue indefinitely,” Dreiling said. “It's my sincere hope that our partnerships with the tribes will be a major part of the spirit of this park forever.”
Jonathan Hedlund, Senior ERO Resources Corporation Archeologist, and Russo joined the visit to connect cultural knowledge with archaeological sites, landscapes and plants. Working with tribal representatives, they document plants of cultural significance, their location, and other crucial information so tribal guests and other visitors can locate them in the future.
Fred Mosqueda also discussed how certain rocks on the park have historically been selected for sweat lodge use because they hold heat and are less likely to shatter.
The group toured areas where park crews are completing cleanup work and installing trail signs in preparation for public access. Park staff also provided a picnic lunch on a high ridgeline near land burned by the Post Fire.
The lightning-caused fire began in August 2026 on the neighboring James M. John State Wildlife Area and burned more than 4,200 acres across the wildlife area and Fishers Peak State Park before firefighters suppressed it.
Mosqueda also met with consultants working on possible interpretive elements for a future visitor center and other areas of the park. Among the concepts discussed was a directional marker showing distance and direction from Fishers Peak to the present-day headquarters of tribes with connections to the land. The concepts remain preliminary.
Park Resource Technician Rachel Bentz noted that the tribal engagement process gives guests the room to decide what they want to teach and share.
“They are welcomed to visit, be inspired, and decide, ‘We should teach this, and share a story about that',” Bentz said. “So I think it’s really unique for them to be a part of this.”
Mosqueda shared tribal names, language and stories that could become part of future interpretation. He said that work could help visitors better understand the continued connection between tribal communities and the Fishers Peak landscape. He hopes future visits include Southern Arapaho children who know, through tribal history, that their people came from Colorado, though many have never previously visited the state.
“It would be very special to bring children here,” Mosqueda said. “Just to watch them begin to realize that they’re walking on land that their forefathers did.”
Areas of the park undergoing development remain closed to the public. Visitors should follow posted signs and remain on designated trails. Dreiling shared a longstanding reminder for anyone exploring the park: At Fishers Peak, the trail is the shortcut. Leaving designated trails can quickly lead visitors into steep, rugged terrain and can result in becoming lost or requiring a search-and-rescue response.
Fishers Peak State Park is open daily from 5 a.m. to 10 p.m. A valid CPW parks pass or Keep Colorado Wild Pass is required for entry. For current park information, trail maps and conditions, visit the Fishers Peak State Park webpage.
Media note: Members of the news media interested in visiting Fishers Peak State Park should contact Southeast Region Public Information Officer Dean Miller at [email protected] or (719) 466-3927.
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PHOTO CAPTIONS:
FPVISIT_001.JPG — ERO Resources Corporation Botanist Marie Russo, left, and Fishers Peak State Park Manager Crystal Dreiling identify plants in a meadow at Fishers Peak State Park. Southern Arapaho representatives spent a week at the park to help guide its development and explore ways to share tribal history, cultural knowledge and connections to the land with future visitors. The area pictured remains closed to the public as park development continues. CPW Photo/Dean Miller
FPVISIT_002.JPG — ERO Resources Corporation Senior Archaeologist Jonathan Hedlund, ERO Resources Corporation Botanist Marie Russo and Fishers Peak State Park Manager Crystal Dreiling welcome Arapaho Outreach Specialist Fred Mosqueda, left, to Fishers Peak State Park. Southern Arapaho representatives spent a week at the park to help guide its development and explore ways to share tribal history, cultural knowledge and connections to the land with future visitors. The area pictured remains closed to the public as park development continues. CPW Photo/Dean Miller
FPVISIT_003.JPG — Arapaho Outreach Specialist Fred Mosqueda, left, speaks with Fishers Peak State Park Manager Crystal Dreiling in a meadow at Fishers Peak State Park as ERO Resources Corporation Senior Archaeologist Jonathan Hedlund takes notes and ERO Resources Corporation Botanist Marie Russo confirms a fauna type. Southern Arapaho representatives spent a week at the park to help guide its development and explore ways to share tribal history, cultural knowledge and connections to the land with future visitors. The area pictured remains closed to the public as park development continues. CPW Photo/Dean Miller
FPVISIT_004.JPG — Fishers Peak State Park Resource Technician Rachel Bentz, left, Arapaho Outreach Specialist Fred Mosqueda and Fishers Peak State Park Manager Crystal Dreiling discuss fauna near the shoreline of a mountain pond on Fishers Peak State Park. Southern Arapaho representatives spent a week at the park to help guide its development and explore ways to share tribal history, cultural knowledge and connections to the land with future visitors. The area pictured remains closed to the public as park development continues. CPW Photo/Dean Miller
FPVISIT_005.JPG — From left, Fishers Peak State Park Resource Technician Rachel Bentz, Arapaho Outreach Specialist Fred Mosqueda, Fishers Peak State Park Manager Crystal Dreiling, ERO Resources Corporation Botanist Marie Russo and ERO Resources Corporation Senior Archaeologist Jonathan Hedlund discuss fauna and tribal traditions beside a mountain pond at Fishers Peak State Park. Southern Arapaho representatives spent a week at the park to help guide its development and explore ways to share tribal history, cultural knowledge and connections to the land with future visitors. The area pictured remains closed to the public as park development continues. CPW Photo/Dean Miller
FPVISIT_006.JPG — Fishers Peak State Park Manager Crystal Dreiling, left, and Arapaho Outreach Specialist Fred Mosqueda discuss fauna and Arapaho traditions near a mountain pond in the mountains at Fishers Peak State Park. Southern Arapaho representatives spent a week at the park to help guide its development and explore ways to share tribal history, cultural knowledge and connections to the land with future visitors. The area pictured remains closed to the public as park development continues. CPW Photo/Dean Miller
FPVISIT_007.JPG — Fishers Peak State Park Manager Crystal Dreiling, right, and Arapaho Outreach Specialist Fred Mosqueda discuss fauna, Arapaho traditions, and culture near a pond in the mountains on Fishers Peak State Park. Southern Arapaho representatives spent a week at the park to help guide its development and explore ways to share tribal history, cultural knowledge and connections to the land with future visitors. The area pictured remains closed to the public as park development continues. CPW Photo/Dean Miller
FPVISIT_008.JPG — From left, Fishers Peak State Park Resource Technician Rachel Bentz, Fishers Peak State Park Manager Crystal Dreiling, ERO Resources Corporation Botanist Marie Russo, Arapaho Outreach Specialist Fred Mosqueda and Southern Arapaho elder Mary Mosqueda discuss Arapaho traditions and fauna of significance in the Post Fire burn area of Fishers Peak State Park. Southern Arapaho representatives spent a week at the park to help guide its development and explore ways to share tribal history, cultural knowledge and connections to the land with future visitors. The area pictured remains closed to the public as park development continues. CPW Photo/Dean Miller
FPVISIT_009.JPG — Arapaho Outreach Specialist Fred Mosqueda smells bergamot as ERO Resources Corporation Botanist Marie Russo continues identifying plants nearby at Fishers Peak State Park. Southern Arapaho representatives spent a week at the park to help guide its development and explore ways to share tribal history, cultural knowledge and connections to the land with future visitors. The area pictured remains closed to the public as park development continues. CPW Photo/Dean Miller
FPVISIT_0010.JPG — Fallen timber and scorched trees mark the Post Fire burn area on Fishers Peak State Park. Southern Arapaho representatives spent a week at the park to help guide its development and explore ways to share tribal history, cultural knowledge and connections to the land with future visitors. The area pictured remains closed to the public as park development continues. CPW Photo/Dean Miller
FPVISIT_011.JPG — Bergamot is placed on a white cloth at Fishers Peak State Park; Southern Arapaho women and girls historically dried and crushed the plant to use as perfume. Southern Arapaho representatives spent a week at the park to help guide its development and explore ways to share tribal history, cultural knowledge and connections to the land with future visitors. The area pictured remains closed to the public as park development continues. CPW Photo/Dean Miller
FPVISIT_012.JPG — Fishers Peak rises above the wooded landscape at Fishers Peak State Park. Southern Arapaho representatives spent a week at the park to help guide its development and explore ways to share tribal history, cultural knowledge and connections to the land with future visitors. CPW Photo/Dean Miller
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